2015/01/22

Was the Civil Rights movement a revolution?

Dan Little asks: Was the Civil Rights movement a revolution?.

So if a revolution may be described as a fundamental change in the power relations in a society, brought about by the concerted effort of a large-scale collective movement, then indeed, the civil rights movement brought about a revolution in America. Doug McAdam's fine sociology of American race relations and the civil rights movement is right to call this an insurgency in Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency, 1930-1970. It was an insurgency that was broadly based, passionately pursued, supported by effective regional and national organizations, and largely successful in achieving its most important goals.

It barely needs saying that this revolution is not complete. Tom Sugrue found a good phrase to capture the story in the title of his recent book, Not Even Past: Barack Obama and the Burden of Race. But further progress will build upon the cultural and structural changes brought about by these courageous and committed ordinary men and women in waging revolution against an oppressive social order.

Emphasis Mine

In fact, the Civil Rights movement would have the third American Revolution. The second one was the American Civil War in which two whole classes, the slave-owners and slaves, were obliterated, and a social relationship, that of slavery, was extinguished. The destruction of one entailed that of the other, for the social relationship cannot exist without the classes, and vice verse. This was truly a social revolution.

The first American Revolution changed the composition of one class while leaving the other classes untouched, and therefore the social relationships intact. The ruling class changed from being based in England to being based in the USA. This was a political revolution.

Following Little's argument, for the Civil Rights Movement to have been a revolution, the social relationships were changed, but the classes remained untouched. This does not seem to me to be a revolution like the other ones.

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